• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Plasma-arc furnace for continuously melting metals, particularly for melting down recovered light-metal scrap, comprising a trough-shaped melting vessel with a substantially vertical stack thereabove, a feeding device above the stack for feeding in materials to be melted, a sump below the vessel and a charge chute between the vessel and the sump, with at least two plasma-arc burners so arranged that base points of their arcs are within an area of transition from the chute to the sump, a stirring device, removing means for molten metal, and means for scrubbing and cleaning exhausted plasma gas so that the latter can be discharged into the atmosphere.
    公开号:SU926477A1
    申请号:SU787770220
    申请日:1978-05-31
    公开日:1982-05-07
    发明作者:Конрад Примке；Клаус-Петер Траутманн；Петер Папсдорф；Гюнтер Поле
    申请人:Феб Мансфельд-Комбинат Вильхельм Пик (Инопредприятие)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to smelting furnaces, in particular to a plasma melting furnace for continuous melting of metals, in particular, for melting prepared light scrap metal,
    A plasma melting device for the continuous melting of metals is known, in which the heating and smelting process, as well as the subsequent stage of the process, takes place in two or more melting vessels connected to each other. The primary melting vessel and one or more subsequent secondary melting vessels are connected to each other by one or more connecting 15 channels. These vessels are designed so that they can tip over about their vertical axis. The melting vessels, as well as the connecting channels, can be equipped with one or more counter electrodes. Primary smelting vessel oozing with a well-known loading mechanism □ not laid on the side of the melting vessel or on the side of it. Further, a 25 multi-chamber plasma induction melting furnace with a detachable, hermetically sealed lid is known, in which the geometry of the plasma melting chambers is consistent with the energy transfer of the plasma arc, the plasma torch being located at an angle to the surface of the molten material or in the wall niche of the induction melting chamber. Plasma and in-line smelting chambers are connected by a channel and overturn together or separately.
    A plasma melting furnace is also known, in which plasmatrons are located under the solid surface of the molten material, characterized in that the metal detector in the furnace consists of at least two, forming one block, furnace working spaces having a different design. Plasmatrons are located at an appropriate angle to the axis of the furnace in its niches. In addition, the parts of the metal receiver in the furnace are tipped over or emptied separately or together, and the lid of the metal receiver is equipped with a loading device. In one of the principal designs of this metal receiver for collecting molten metal, one or more working chambers are additionally connected through several openings to the melting furnace.
    These types of furnaces have corresponding additional heating.
    However, based on the fact that the melting devices consist of several interconnected melting vessels, the flexibility of the technology of the smelting process is limited, although work in the smelting process (5) requires that the molten metal or be cast immediately after the smelting process ends, or brought to a remelting processing device and / or to a mixer to obtain the desired alloy.
    A disadvantage of the known melting devices is also that, if necessary, high heights of backfill scrap, corresponding to the order of magnitude of the length of the plasma arc, stable burning of the plasma arc in the backfill of scrap is not achieved. The plasma arc burns only very unstably and is often blown out under the influence of a blast of its own magnetic field. Finally, a further drawback of the known plasma melting devices for the continuous melting of metals is that they do not have devices that prevent impurities such as moisture, oil, dirt, etc. from sticking to the scrap to the molten metal. Due to these impurities, the quality of the molten metal is greatly reduced.
    The purpose of the invention is the creation of a plasma 40 melting furnace, with which it would be possible to increase the yield of metal, while improving the quality of the molten metal.
    The purpose of the invention is also to create a plasma melting device for melting metals, in particular for melting prepared light scrap metal, consisting of one melting vessel, corresponding to the characteristics of the composition of the molten material and the mode of melting of the plasma arc, providing optimal energy input into the molten metal , and at the same time minimizing the ingress of impurities on the loaded scrap into the molten metal.
    The goal is achieved in that one or more plasma torches with transitional plasma arcs are positioned so that the bases of the perpendiculars of one or more plasma blades are within the transition of the bulk cone scrap in the sump of the furnace. They are located vertically or with a slope of the longitudinal axis at an angle from O to 60 ° to the vertical. When using several plasma torches in order to ensure the mobility of the melt necessary to further increase: the melting rate and reduce large temperature differences, these plasma torches are located vertically or at an angle from O to 60 ° on the transverse axis of the plasma furnace. To achieve a uniform temperature of the metal in the sump of the furnace and to increase the rate of melting, an electromagnetic stirrer is located directly below the base of the perpendicular of one or more plasma arcs. Energy is transferred to the material used as a result of radiation of the plasma arc column onto the bulk of the scrap cone, as a result of conduction and convection in the region of the base of the plasma arc to the furnace sump, as a result of convection of a very heated liquid furnace sump from the base of the plasma arc perpendicular to the bulk of the scrap cone using an electromagnetic mixer and convection of plasma gas when filling scrap into the bulk cone and into the shaft. The ratio of the height of the shaft N to the diameter of the shaft B of a well-known shaft, mounted on a well-known, made in the form of a bath, metal detector in the furnace is greater than or equal to one.
    In FIG. 1 shows a melting furnace, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 - section BB plasma furnace.
    The plasma furnace consists of a metal receiver 1, made in the form of a bathtub, with a shaft 2 mounted vertically or with a slight inclination relative to the vertical, shaft 2. The ratio of the shaft height to the diameter of the shaft D is higher or equal to unity.
    Plasma melting furnace is loaded continuously or quasi-continuously designed for. melting with material 4 using a pressurized loading device 3 located on the upper end of the shaft 2. The bulk cone of scrap 5 formed in the working space of the furnace passes into the sump of the furnace 6. One hour
    926477 6 or several plasma torches 7 are arranged so that one or more bases of perpendiculars of one or several plasma arcs 8 are within the transition of the bulk cone of scrap 5 into the sump of furnace 6. This ensures a small height of the backfill of scrap in the immediate vicinity from the plasma arc, a quiet and stable burning of the plasma arcs is achieved 8. Plasma burners 7 are located vertically or with an inclination of the longitudinal axis at an angle oL from O to 60 ° to the vertical.
    As shown in FIG. 2, 15 prime- nenii several plasma burners 7 are arranged at an angle dL from O to 60 ° to the vertical on the transverse axis and, according to FIG. 3, at an angle cLot О up to 90 ° K. The longitudinal axis of the plasma plasma is 2 о in the furnace. Due to the inclined arrangement of the plasma torches 8, mobility of the melt is achieved, providing an increase in the rate of melting and a decrease in the temperature difference in the 25 sump of the furnace 6. ·
    To achieve a uniform temperature of the metal in the sump of furnace 6 and to increase the rate of melting, an electromagnet is provided directly under the base of one or several 30 ring plasma arcs 8 within the sump of furnace 6. thread agitator 9. Plasma gas 10 passing through the scrap bed is received at the upper end of the shaft 2 under a sealed discharge device 3 and is fed to the gas cooler 11, as a result of which impurities, such as oil and water, coming together with the gas are released, while , impurities such as dust, due to the high flow rate are deposited in a centrifugal dust separator (cyclone) 12. The purified exhaust gas 13 is released without pollution to the atmosphere.
    The molten metal is continuously released through an overflow device 14, which is sealed relative to the furnace’s working space, or intermittently for further processing using 30 electromagnetic transport chutes 15
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    39 nca equipped with a boot device. In the basic design of this metal reservoir for collecting molten metal, one or more working chambers are additionally connected through several openings to the melting furnace. These types of furnaces have a corresponding additional heating. However, due to the fact that the smelting devices consist of several smelting vessels connected to each other, the flexibility of the smelting process technology is limited, although work in the smelting process requires that the molten metal be either poured immediately upon completion of the smelting process or brought to a remelting treatment device and / or a mixer to obtain the desired alloy. A disadvantage of the known melting devices is also THEREOF in that, if necessary, large pit back heights corresponding to the order of the length of the plasma arc, a stable plasma arc in the backfill of the scrap is not reached. The plasma arc burns over and over is very unstable and is often blown under the influence of blowing its own magnetic field. Finally, the following disadvantage of the known plasma melting devices for continuous metal plabing is that they do not have devices that prevent such impurities such as moisture, oil, soils, etc., adhering to the scrap, to the molten metal. Due to these impurities, the quality of the fused metal is greatly reduced. The purpose of the invention is to create a plasma melting furnace, with the help of which it would be possible to increase the yield on the metal while improving the quality of the molten metal. The purpose of the invention is also to create a plasma melting device for melting metals, in particular, for melting prepared light scrap metal consisting of a solid melting vessel, with the melting characteristics of the composition of the melted material and the mode of melting of the plasma arc, ensuring optimum energy input. in the molten metal, and at the same time reducing to a minimum the impurities present on the loaded scrap in the molten metal. 74 Purpose Achieved by the fact that one or several plasma torches with transition plasma arcs are arranged so that the bases perpendicular to one or several plasma arcs are located within the junction of the bulk scrap cone in the furnace sump. They are arranged vertically or with a slope of the longitudinal axis at an angle from 0 to 60 ° to the vertical. When several plasma torches are used in order to ensure the mobility of the melt, which is necessary to further accelerate the melting rate and reduce large temperature differences, these plasma torches are positioned vertically or at an angle from O to BO on the transverse axis of the plasma furnace. An electromagnetic stirrer is located directly under the base of the perpendicular of one or several plasma arcs to achieve a uniform metal temperature in the sump of the furnace and increase the melting rate. Energy transfer to the material used occurs as a result of radiation of the plasma arc to the bulk scrap cone, as a result of conduction and convection in the base of the plasma arc to the furnace sump, as a result of the convection of the highly heated liquid furnace sump from the base of the perpendicular plasma arc to the bulk arc scrap cone using an electromagnetic stirrer and plasma gas convection when filling scrap into the bulk cone and into the mine. The ratio of the height of the shaft H to the diameter of the shaft D of a well-known shaft, fitted on a known, bath-shaped, metal reservoir in the furnace, is greater than or equal to one. FIG. 1 shows a melting furnace, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 - section BB plasma furnace. Plasma p.ch consists of a metal-receiver 1, made in the form of a bath, with a shaft mounted on it vertically or with a slight inclination relative to the vertical, shaft 2. The ratio of the height of the shaft to the diameter, shaft About or equal to one. The plasma smelter is charged continuously or quasi-continuously for. melting material 4 using a sealed charging device 3, located at the upper end of the shaft 2. The loose cone scrap 5, formed in the working space of the furnace, goes into the sump of the furnace 6. One or more plasma torches 7 are positioned so that one or several bases perpendiculars of one or several plasma arcs 8 would be located within the transition-bulk cone of scrap 5 to sump of type 6, thus providing a small height of the backfill of scrap in the immediate vicinity of the plasma arc A steady and steady burning of the plasma arcs is observed. Plasma torches 7 are arranged vertically or with a slope of the longitudinal axis at an angle oL from O to bo to the vertical. As shown in FIG. 2, when using several plasma torches 7, they are located at an angle dL from 0 to 60 to the vertical on the transverse axis, and, according to FIG. 3, at an angle CLoT O to the longitudinal axis of the plasma melting furnace. Due to the inclined position of the plasma torches 8, the melt mobility is achieved, providing an increase in the melting rate and a decrease in the temperature difference in the sump of the furnace 6. To achieve a uniform metal temperature in the sump of the furnace 6 and an increase in the melting rate Immediately under the base of one or more plasma arcs 8 within The sump of the furnace 6 is provided with an electromechanical agitator 9. Plasma gas 1O, passing through the backfill of scrap, is received at the upper end of the pallet 2, hermetically sealed unloading device 3 and is supplied to the gas cooler 11, as a result of which impurities, such as oil and water, coming in with the gas are released, while impurities such as Dust, due to the high flow rate, are precipitated in a centrifugal dust separator (cyclone) 12. Purified waste gas 13 is released without pollution to the atmosphere. The molten metal is continuously produced through a sealed relative to the working space of the furnace, the overflow device 14 or with overflows for further processing by means of an electromagnetic transport tray 1 9 7 Formula from rete and 1. 1. A plasma smelting furnace for uninterrupted transfer of metals for the melting of the prepared light metal scrap using plasma torches, the metal receiver in the furnace being made in the form of a bath, having an electromagnetic stirrer and overflow device that serves to discontinuous removal of molten metal, or an electromagnetic transport tray, intended for intermittent removal of molten metal, and equipped with a shaft, mounted vertically or slightly inclined relative to the vertical, with a sealed charging device at its upper end for continuous or quasi-continuous loading of metal, and with connected to the furnace for cleaning the waste gas with a gas cooler and a cyclone, characterized in that the plasma torches with transitions 1 "1 and plasma arcs are located in such a way that the base or bases are perpendicular to one or several plasma arcs. Located in the transition area of the bulk scrap cone to the furnace sump, the electromagnetic stirrer is located directly under the base of the perpendicular one or several plasma arcs, and the ratio of height to its diameter of the shaft mounted on on a metal receiver, greater than or equal to one.
    [2]
    2. Bake pop l, differing in that one or several plasma torches 7 are arranged vertically or at an angle from 0 to 6 ° to the vertical on the longitudinal axis of the plasma furnace,
    [3]
    3.Pech on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that several plasmas 7 have vertical burners at an angle from 0 to 60 ° to the vertical on the transverse axis. plasma furnace.
    [4]
    4. Furnace on PP. 1-3, which is a matter of fact that several plasma torches 7 are located at an angle from 0 to 9 ° to the longitudinal axis of the plasma furnace.
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    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR2396252B1|1983-01-07|
    US4263468A|1981-04-21|
    DE2821453B2|1980-07-24|
    JPS5417540A|1979-02-08|
    CS218001B1|1983-02-25|
    SE7806408L|1978-12-30|
    GB1597699A|1981-09-09|
    DD142491A3|1980-07-02|
    RO75360A|1981-01-30|
    IT7850086D0|1978-06-28|
    FR2396252A1|1979-01-26|
    PL207924A1|1979-04-23|
    DE2821453C3|1981-04-16|
    HU180495B|1983-03-28|
    YU147778A|1982-08-31|
    DE2821453A1|1979-01-18|
    IT1105336B|1985-10-28|
    引用文献:
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    SE307420B|1966-02-06|1969-01-07|Penzen Kompressorny Z|
    DE1951824B2|1969-10-15|1972-04-20|Krause, Wilhelm, Dipl.-Ing., 4300 Essen|CRUCIBLE FURNACE FOR MELTING METALLIC FELT|
    US3749803A|1972-08-24|1973-07-31|Techn Applic Services Corp|Trough hearth construction and method for plasma arc furnace|
    CA981913A|1972-09-01|1976-01-20|Henry L. Eickelberg|Method for melting magnetically attractive small metal particles|
    SE373655B|1973-06-18|1975-02-10|Asea Ab|OVEN FOR MELTING TAILS AND SCRAP|
    SE387662B|1974-02-20|1976-09-13|Skf Ind Trading & Dev|METAL METAL KIT AND DEVICE|
    GB1522957A|1974-12-12|1978-08-31|British Steel Corp|Removal of sulphur from molten metal|
    US4129742A|1977-07-01|1978-12-12|Southwire Company|Plasma arc vertical shaft furnace|DD155858A3|1979-04-03|1982-07-14|Fred Esser|METALLURGICAL PLASMA MELTING OVEN|
    US4626654A|1979-12-14|1986-12-02|Veb Edelstahlwerk "8 Mai 1945" Freital|Metallurgical plasma melting process|
    DD147870A1|1979-12-14|1981-04-22|Fred Esser|METALLURGICAL PLASMA MELTING OVEN|
    DE2951120A1|1979-12-19|1981-07-02|VEB Edelstahlwerk 8. Mai 1945 Freital, DDR 8210 Freital|Plasma heated melting furnace - with torch arrangement designed to produce minimum mutual flame disturbance|
    AT371589B|1981-07-15|1983-07-11|Voest Alpine Ag|PLASMA MELTING OVEN|
    AT382890B|1982-10-05|1987-04-27|Voest Alpine Ag|PLASMA MELTING OVEN|
    US4583229A|1984-01-09|1986-04-15|Aluminum Company Of America|Metal melting system|
    AT384669B|1986-03-17|1987-12-28|Voest Alpine Ag|PLANT FOR PRODUCING STEEL FROM SCRAP|
    FR2611340B1|1987-02-24|1992-01-17|Pechiney Aluminium|MULTICATHODE PLASMA GENERATOR WITH CATHODE SHEATHING|
    GB2224339B|1988-02-25|1991-11-13|Inst Fiz An Latvssr|Furnace for preparing and delivering alloys|
    DE3839095A1|1988-11-18|1990-05-23|Fuchs Systemtechnik Gmbh|METHOD FOR OPERATING A MELTING UNIT AND MELTING UNIT FOR THIS METHOD|
    DE3839096A1|1988-11-18|1990-05-23|Fuchs Systemtechnik Gmbh|METHOD FOR OPERATING A MELTING UNIT AND MELTING UNIT FOR THIS METHOD|
    US4982410A|1989-04-19|1991-01-01|Mustoe Trevor N|Plasma arc furnace with variable path transferred arc|
    DE69428150T2|1993-05-19|2002-07-04|Johns Manville Int Inc|Process for melting, burning or cremating materials and device therefor|
    US5399833A|1993-07-02|1995-03-21|Camacho; Salvador L.|Method for vitrification of fine particulate matter and products produced thereby|
    US5785923A|1996-03-08|1998-07-28|Battelle Memorial Institute|Apparatus for continuous feed material melting|
    DE102004040494C5|2004-08-20|2012-10-11|Siemens Ag|Method and device for operating an electric arc furnace|
    JP5878398B2|2012-03-06|2016-03-08|株式会社神戸製鋼所|Titanium melting equipment|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DD77199770A|DD142491A3|1977-06-29|1977-06-29|PLASMA FURNACE|
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